英文原文: http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml
中文整理如下:
1.下载ISO
到 http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml 下载 /gentoo/releases/x86/current-iso/install-x86-minimal-*.iso (约80多兆)
2.配置网卡
livecd root # net-setup eth0 (有界面) |
3.为了安装时方便可启动sshd并修改root密码
livecd root # /etc/init.d/sshd start (有些命令比较长,开了ssh方便你从SecureCRT往上copy代码) livecd root # passwd |
4.分区格式化
livecd root # cfdisk /dev/sda (有界面) 分成下面这样就行了 Disk /dev/sda: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 12 96358+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 13 74 498015 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 75 652 4642785 83 Linux 然后格式化 livecd ~ # mke2fs /dev/sda1 livecd ~ # mke2fs -j /dev/sda3 livecd ~ # mkswap /dev/sda2 && swapon /dev/sda2 |
5.Mount文件系统
livecd ~ # mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/gentoo livecd ~ # mkdir /mnt/gentoo/boot livecd ~ # mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/gentoo/boot livecd ~ # cd /mnt/gentoo |
6.下载stage3文件
cd /mnt/gentoo/ livecd gentoo # links http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml (links文字化网页浏览器,找到releases/x86/current/目录,选中stage3文件回车下载) livecd gentoo # tar xjpf stage3* |
7.下载Portage
cd /mnt/gentoo/usr livecd usr # links http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml (找到snapshots/目录并下载portage-latest.tar.bz2) livecd usr # tar xjf portage-latest* |
8.Chroot
livecd usr # cd / livecd / # mount -t proc proc /mnt/gentoo/proc livecd / # mount -o bind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev livecd / # cp -L /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/ livecd / # chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash livecd / # env-update && source /etc/profile >>> Regenerating /etc/ld.so.cache... |
9.修改时区
livecd / # cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime livecd / # date |
10.修改host及域名
livecd / # cd /etc livecd etc # echo "127.0.0.1 yemaosheng.com yemaosheng localhost" > hosts livecd etc # sed -i -e 's/HOSTNAME.*/HOSTNAME="yemaosheng"/' conf.d/hostname (Use defined host name and check) livecd etc # hostname yemaosheng livecd etc # hostname -f yemaosheng.com |
11.选最快的镜像站点
livecd etc # emerge mirrorselect livecd etc # mirrorselect -D -s 5 -b 10 |
12.内核编译
livecd etc # emerge gentoo-sources (漫长下载过程) livecd etc # cd /usr/src/linux livecd linux # make menuconfig (有界面) livecd linux # make -j2 livecd linux # make modules_install livecd linux # cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/kernel |
13.fstab配置
livecd linux # cd /etc livecd etc # nano -w fstab /dev/sda1 /boot ext2 noauto,noatime 1 2 /dev/sda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1 /dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0 |
14.网络配置
livecd etc # cd conf.d livecd conf.d # echo 'config_eth0=( "192.168.0.10/24" )' >> net livecd conf.d # echo 'routes_eth0=( "default via 192.168.0.1" )' >> net livecd conf.d # rc-update add net.eth0 default livecd conf.d # rc-update add sshd default |
15.设root密码
livecd conf.d # passwd |
16.修改/etc/conf.d/clock
livecd conf.d # nano -w /etc/conf.d/clock TIMEZONE="Asia/Shanghai" |
17.安装系统工具
livecd conf.d # emerge syslog-ng vixie-cron livecd conf.d # rc-update add syslog-ng default (日志) livecd conf.d # rc-update add vixie-cron default (定时) 如果需要可安装: livecd conf.d # emerge slocate (方便你找文件) livecd conf.d # emerge dhcpcd (DHCP客户端) livecd conf.d # emerge ppp (PPPoE ADSL拨号) |
18.配置系统引导
livecd conf.d # emerge grub livecd conf.d # nano -w /boot/grub/grub.conf default 0 timeout 10 title Gentoo root (hd0,0) kernel /boot/kernel root=/dev/sda3 livecd conf.d # grub grub> root (hd0,0) grub> setup (hd0) grub> quit |
19.拿出光盘并重启
livecd conf.d # exit livecd / # umount /mnt/gentoo/dev /mnt/gentoo/proc /mnt/gentoo/boot /mnt/gentoo livecd / # reboot |
20.重启进入系统后建个有su权限的用户
yemaosheng ~ # useradd -m -G users,wheel -s /bin/bash userman yemaosheng ~ # passwd userman |
注:
1.以上安装步骤在真实机器上通过,但VMware上安装后启动失败,解决方法可参考:http://www.gentoo-wiki.info/HOWTO_Install_Gentoo_on_VMware
2.关于VMware克隆虚拟机无法启动网卡的问题.因为VMware虚拟机克隆后变换了虚拟网卡的mac地址,而系统加载网卡驱动后会去读一个缓存文件,此文件包含了克隆前网卡的mac地址,所以现有的网卡mac地址和文件里的不同系统就拒绝启动.只要把这个文件删除后重启系统就可以了.这个文件是: /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
转载请注明出处: http://yemaosheng.com
在虚拟机上安装编译内核的时候需要手动选上一个模块的。。。具体给忘记了。。。。
嗯,文章最后的”注”中有相关操作链接